Post by bazooka on Jan 25, 2020 9:25:02 GMT
Land mines that are nearly impossible to disarm
The Russian NVU-P “Okhota” (“Hunt”) contact-less minefield is designed in such a way, that it’s wickedly hard to disarm.
The system’s manual states explicitly: “Removing the NVU-P device set in autonomous mode is FORBIDDEN!”
It has a command module and 5 regular OZM-72 anti-personnel mines connected to it. The command module has a seismic sensor connected to it.
The system’s manual states explicitly: “Removing the NVU-P device set in autonomous mode is FORBIDDEN!”
It has a command module and 5 regular OZM-72 anti-personnel mines connected to it. The command module has a seismic sensor connected to it.
This is the command module’s drawing:
1 – Firing pins’ block; 2 – Self-destruction mechanism’s firing pin; 3 – MD-5M (or MD-2) fuse; 4 – 75-gram TNT block (for self-destruction); 5 – MUV-4 fuse, used as a remote arming mechanism; 6 – Electronic block; 7 – Seismic sensor; 8 – Remote control cable
This page has its mode of operation covered pretty pretty extensively (sorry for the long quote):
The NVU-P device is design to control the work of five anti-personnel landmines, serving as a sensor and target identifier and directly issuing blast orders to the landmines themselves.
The NVU-P allows establishing groups of five OZM-72 (MON-50) anti-personnel landmines and enables the sequential detonation of the mines in the group as more targets come into range.
If the device is installed as a remote-controlled weapon, the activation or deactivation of the weapon is executed via the MZU remote control using a two-wire cable. The length of the cable is determined by its type and the remote control board's power source and can be up to several hundred meters long.
The device consist of a CPU, a SV-20P seismic sensors, five NM electric trigger devices, five rolls of cable, a MUV-4 detonator and five anti-personnel fragmentation landmines. Per every 20 kits, one testing and calibration device is issued. Per every 12 kits, one MZU remote control is issued, as well as one stick of TNT per NVU-P devices (ranging from 75 to 200 grams).
Five fragmentation devices are to be linked to the NVU-P by isolated copper mine. It is issued with OZM-72 or MON-50 mines, but any anti-personnel frag mines capable of utilizing the MD-5M fuse can be deployed (MON100, MON200, MOMZ-2M, OZM3, OZM4), as well as electric-detonated mines (OZM-160, OZM-3, OZM equipped with an UVK device).
Further, the seismic sensor is buried next to the device and linked to it by cable.
The device is always in guard mode. As potential targets (vehicles and humans) enter the area, the sensor transmits the seismic data to the device, which identifies the targets and the range to them. If a human being is detected, the weapon goes into combat mode, estimating the range and bearing to target. As the target enters range, the nearest landmine to it is chosen, and the trigger devices linked to it sends a detonating impulse to the mine. All mines are controlled in the same manner.
The device reliably identifies human motions (running, walking, crawling or skiing) and identifies it from animal and vehicle movement in any and all weather conditions. The likelihood of a mistake is 0.0004 (4 in ten thousand). If the ground conditions differ significantly from standard, the weapon is calibrated before implanting, and the calibration data then used for all weapons of this type deployed in the area.
When OZM-72 mines are used, the target is detected within 120-150 meters, and the detonation occurs as the target enters the range of about 15 meters. On the scheme below, the location of the device is marked in red. The mines are marked in blue and the detection zone – in pink. Light blue marks the mines' blast radii, whereas the green marks the distance at which blast orders are given. Obviously, when one of the mines detonated, the target is always in range.
Author's Note: This explosive device is sometimes called 'The Hunt'. We used to explain it to soldiers simply: 'This mine blows up five times.
It cannot be approached and disarmed. The seismic sensor cannot be cheated. The mine cannot be detected by any modern device without entering its range. Furthermore, this device is incredibly devious. As the first soldiers are injured, their comrades and medics will believe it to be a normal mine detonation and rush to their defense, triggering the second mine. Attempts by the wounded to crawl away into safety will trigger a third mine – and the OZM-72 detonates at the height of about one meter, injuring both the walking and crawling. There is no escape but to lie still and bleed to death. You seem alive, but there are no chances of survival. Those who die first are luckier.
The funny thing (so to speak) is that despite all this cruelty, the device does not fit under the Ottawa Convention – the weapon itself is not a mine, and the attached devices are, legally speaking, not mines but submunitions.
Use the calibration device to test the operational capacity of the device and the cable. Bury or mask the device, mines, and cable, leaving only the MUV-4 detonator on the surface. Only attach it to the device after you have completed all other tasks.
After you receive the order to arm the landmine, rip out the firing pin for the MUV-4. The fuse's firing pin, activated after a short time, will close the circuit and activate the NVU-P.
If the NVU-P is installed as a controlled weapon, the MUV-4 is not to be installed. Rather, attach a control cable to the device. The remote control itself must be placed 200 meters away. From this moment on, the NVU-5 will remain armed and will remain so until the batteries run out several months later, at which point all surviving mines and the device will self-destruct.
The NVU-P lack an integral self-destruct devices, but, as shown on the drawings above, a TNT stick can be attached to it for this purpose. Self-destruct will occur upon battery exhaustion or detonation all five mines.
The NVU-P can be considered impossible to disarm or remove. However, a later modifications, known as the NVU-PM, has an additional circuit that will detonate all mines upon an attempt to cut any of the cables. This makes it impossible to try to drive up to the NVU-PM in a car and disarm it, which was technically doable with an NBU-P.
The NVU-P is normally used with the MUV-4 fuse, but can also be used with MUV-3 and MUV-2 fuses, in which case activation delay is that of the fuse. Further it can be activate with a detonation machine or any other electric source, linked to the device with an NM electric trigger device, however this makes switching the NVU-P back to standby mode impossible.
The NVU-PM is also equipped with a timer, switching the device into safe mode for a certain time period every 24 hours (and up to three times a day), enabling passage through the minefield at those times. This enables, among other things, installing new mines to replace those activated.
Specifications:
Type: Seismic, remote-control
Material: Metal
Diameter 15.5 centimeters
Height: 36.2 centimeters
Mass/Loaded: 4.2 kilograms
Amount of mines: 1-5
Issued Mines: OZM-72, MON-50
Usable with: MON-100, MON-200, POMZ-2, POMZ-32, OZM-3. OZM-4, OZM-160, UVK-equipped OZM
Combat Lifespan: 4-9 months
Range to mine: 2-15 meters
Time to Arming
MUV-4: 6-36 minutes
MUV-3, MUV-2: 13 minutes to 59 hours
Temperature range: -40 - +50 Celcius
Power Source: 6 R20 Batteries
Self-destruct: After the detonation of the last mine/battery exhaustion
Self-disarming: None.
Control: Available both as controlled and autonomous weapon
Removable: Only as controlled weapon
Disarmable: Only as controlled weapon
This page has its mode of operation covered pretty pretty extensively (sorry for the long quote):
The NVU-P device is design to control the work of five anti-personnel landmines, serving as a sensor and target identifier and directly issuing blast orders to the landmines themselves.
The NVU-P allows establishing groups of five OZM-72 (MON-50) anti-personnel landmines and enables the sequential detonation of the mines in the group as more targets come into range.
If the device is installed as a remote-controlled weapon, the activation or deactivation of the weapon is executed via the MZU remote control using a two-wire cable. The length of the cable is determined by its type and the remote control board's power source and can be up to several hundred meters long.
The device consist of a CPU, a SV-20P seismic sensors, five NM electric trigger devices, five rolls of cable, a MUV-4 detonator and five anti-personnel fragmentation landmines. Per every 20 kits, one testing and calibration device is issued. Per every 12 kits, one MZU remote control is issued, as well as one stick of TNT per NVU-P devices (ranging from 75 to 200 grams).
Five fragmentation devices are to be linked to the NVU-P by isolated copper mine. It is issued with OZM-72 or MON-50 mines, but any anti-personnel frag mines capable of utilizing the MD-5M fuse can be deployed (MON100, MON200, MOMZ-2M, OZM3, OZM4), as well as electric-detonated mines (OZM-160, OZM-3, OZM equipped with an UVK device).
Further, the seismic sensor is buried next to the device and linked to it by cable.
The device is always in guard mode. As potential targets (vehicles and humans) enter the area, the sensor transmits the seismic data to the device, which identifies the targets and the range to them. If a human being is detected, the weapon goes into combat mode, estimating the range and bearing to target. As the target enters range, the nearest landmine to it is chosen, and the trigger devices linked to it sends a detonating impulse to the mine. All mines are controlled in the same manner.
The device reliably identifies human motions (running, walking, crawling or skiing) and identifies it from animal and vehicle movement in any and all weather conditions. The likelihood of a mistake is 0.0004 (4 in ten thousand). If the ground conditions differ significantly from standard, the weapon is calibrated before implanting, and the calibration data then used for all weapons of this type deployed in the area.
When OZM-72 mines are used, the target is detected within 120-150 meters, and the detonation occurs as the target enters the range of about 15 meters. On the scheme below, the location of the device is marked in red. The mines are marked in blue and the detection zone – in pink. Light blue marks the mines' blast radii, whereas the green marks the distance at which blast orders are given. Obviously, when one of the mines detonated, the target is always in range.
Author's Note: This explosive device is sometimes called 'The Hunt'. We used to explain it to soldiers simply: 'This mine blows up five times.
It cannot be approached and disarmed. The seismic sensor cannot be cheated. The mine cannot be detected by any modern device without entering its range. Furthermore, this device is incredibly devious. As the first soldiers are injured, their comrades and medics will believe it to be a normal mine detonation and rush to their defense, triggering the second mine. Attempts by the wounded to crawl away into safety will trigger a third mine – and the OZM-72 detonates at the height of about one meter, injuring both the walking and crawling. There is no escape but to lie still and bleed to death. You seem alive, but there are no chances of survival. Those who die first are luckier.
The funny thing (so to speak) is that despite all this cruelty, the device does not fit under the Ottawa Convention – the weapon itself is not a mine, and the attached devices are, legally speaking, not mines but submunitions.
Use the calibration device to test the operational capacity of the device and the cable. Bury or mask the device, mines, and cable, leaving only the MUV-4 detonator on the surface. Only attach it to the device after you have completed all other tasks.
After you receive the order to arm the landmine, rip out the firing pin for the MUV-4. The fuse's firing pin, activated after a short time, will close the circuit and activate the NVU-P.
If the NVU-P is installed as a controlled weapon, the MUV-4 is not to be installed. Rather, attach a control cable to the device. The remote control itself must be placed 200 meters away. From this moment on, the NVU-5 will remain armed and will remain so until the batteries run out several months later, at which point all surviving mines and the device will self-destruct.
The NVU-P lack an integral self-destruct devices, but, as shown on the drawings above, a TNT stick can be attached to it for this purpose. Self-destruct will occur upon battery exhaustion or detonation all five mines.
The NVU-P can be considered impossible to disarm or remove. However, a later modifications, known as the NVU-PM, has an additional circuit that will detonate all mines upon an attempt to cut any of the cables. This makes it impossible to try to drive up to the NVU-PM in a car and disarm it, which was technically doable with an NBU-P.
The NVU-P is normally used with the MUV-4 fuse, but can also be used with MUV-3 and MUV-2 fuses, in which case activation delay is that of the fuse. Further it can be activate with a detonation machine or any other electric source, linked to the device with an NM electric trigger device, however this makes switching the NVU-P back to standby mode impossible.
The NVU-PM is also equipped with a timer, switching the device into safe mode for a certain time period every 24 hours (and up to three times a day), enabling passage through the minefield at those times. This enables, among other things, installing new mines to replace those activated.
Specifications:
Type: Seismic, remote-control
Material: Metal
Diameter 15.5 centimeters
Height: 36.2 centimeters
Mass/Loaded: 4.2 kilograms
Amount of mines: 1-5
Issued Mines: OZM-72, MON-50
Usable with: MON-100, MON-200, POMZ-2, POMZ-32, OZM-3. OZM-4, OZM-160, UVK-equipped OZM
Combat Lifespan: 4-9 months
Range to mine: 2-15 meters
Time to Arming
MUV-4: 6-36 minutes
MUV-3, MUV-2: 13 minutes to 59 hours
Temperature range: -40 - +50 Celcius
Power Source: 6 R20 Batteries
Self-destruct: After the detonation of the last mine/battery exhaustion
Self-disarming: None.
Control: Available both as controlled and autonomous weapon
Removable: Only as controlled weapon
Disarmable: Only as controlled weapon